Hyper-V

Hyper-V may be most changed form 2008r2
Has own PowerShell Module--completely manageable at PowerShell prompt
Improvements in memory configuration, storage, resource metering, security and extensibility

Create and Configure VM settings

Three specific features at least partially new

• Dynamic Memory
• Smart Paging
• Resource Metering

All settings can be configured at PowerShell Prompt

Over 150 Cmdlets to control VM settings

Dynamic Memory

Pools the memory for all running VM's

Automatically modifies on the fly the amount of RAM assigned to each running VM

Effective use of RAM

Increases the number of VM's can run--Improves Consolidation Ratio's

Starting a VM often requires more memory than running it

Can manage in Hyper-V Manager or from PS using Set-VM cmdlet

Enable/Disable Dynamic memory with VM in stopped state only

Startup RAM--Amount on startup and no longer the minimum amount ever assigned

More RAM assigned for startup, quicker machine starts

In 2008 Min and Startup RAM are the same
Maximum RAM--balancing act.

• Too low machine performs poorly
• Too high and it deprives other machines of needed RAM

Memory Buffer is the preferred amount of RAM assigned to system in addition to what is necessary to run the workload.  Default is 20 percent

Memory Weight determines how available memory is allocated to the VM's.  Raise the weight to prioritize a machine

Smart Paging Enables a machine restarting to use Disk Resources temporarily as additional memory if not enough RAM is available for the start.  Performance is compromised due to slow disk.
Used only on VM restart, No available physical RAM, no memory to be reclaimed.
Not Used for machine starting from Off state, oversubscribing memory, failing over in Hyper-V cluster.

Resource Metering new feature designed to make it easy to build tool to monitor VM's CPU, Memory, Disk Space and Network use. Really designed for hosting so you know how much to charge.  To enable on VM, Enable-VMResourceMetering cmdlet -VMName Vsrvr1  This starts resource metering counters

Virtual Storage
New VHDX format and new Virtual Fiber Channel adapter
64 TB limit--supports files larger that 2 TB
Disadvantage is backward compatibility.
Large size only applies to nonboot disks
Boot disks are limited to 2TB

Can Convert VHDX to VHD and vice versa as long as it is not larger than 2TB

Benefits

• Improved Resiliency from power failure from a new disk log
• Support for low-cost storage options to 4 KB sector disks
• Better performance due to larger block sizes
• Support for user-defined file metadata

Virtual Fiber Channel
Can configure fiber channel adapter on VM

Virtual Networks
Virtual Networks replaced by virtual switches
Can add extensions

• Capture Packets
• Filter Extensions--can inspect and drop packets
• Forward extensions
• Two default extensions--NDIS Capture (disabled) and Microsoft Windows Filtering Platform
• Network Virtualization allows migration of infrastructure while preserving existing ip addresses
• IP rewrite modifies the customer addrsses of packets while still on VM and before transmitted
• IP Encapsulation all packets encapsulated in new header
• IP rewrite better performance and encapsulation better scalabiltiy

Port ACL's

Can configure bandwidth usage

DHCP Guard Safeguards against MITM DHCP attacks
Router Guard Safeguards against unauthorized routers by dropping router advertisements and redirects
Port Mirroring Monitor one port on another one.
NIC Teaming Multiple NICS act as one.